Faculty of Science
Microbiology and Immunology

A binary self-amplifying expression platform enabling lipid nanoparticle-free vaccines and nanomedicines

A schematic of the Gemini platform design and mechanism

Publication Date

Publication Journal

Nature Communications

Author(s)

Wilfred A. Jefferies, Kyung Bok Choi, Paolo Ribeca, Suresh Kari, Jay A. Young, Elizabeth Hui, Simon Yong Qi, Emmanuel Garrovillas, Joanne Fan, Becky M. Y. Cho, Pamela Housh,Tracy Welch, Iryna Saranchova, and Cheryl G. Pfeifer

Conventional mRNA vaccines were crucial in controlling COVID-19, yet they face significant barriers to global accessibility, including ultra-cold storage requirements, complex manufacturing, and dependence on specialized lipid nanoparticle packaging. This paper describes Gemini, a novel platform for preparing self-amplifying DNA or RNA vaccines and nanomedicines. The technology enables genetic material to replicate its own instructions inside cells, enabling sustained protein expression and stronger, longer-lasting immune responses from smaller doses. Gemini therapeutics remain stable at standard refrigerator temperatures and can be freeze-dried into powder form. The platform also bypasses the requirement for complex lipid nanoparticle packaging, simplifying manufacturing and reducing costs and potential side effects. Additionally, the platform can deliver larger and more complex genetic instructions, enabling development of multi-target vaccines and advanced therapeutics, all while maintaining a strong safety profile with no observed toxicity in preclinical studies. Gemini represents a significant advance toward more accessible and equitable vaccine technologies with broad applications for global health and pandemic preparedness.

  • Jefferies Lab

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Microbiology and Immunology

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